Enactment

**Enactment ** In the traditional systems development life cycle, this stage is referred to as the design phase. However, in the Integrative learning design model by Dabbagh and Ritland, ''Enactment phase involves generating instructional strategies that are congruent with theories of learning and the instructional or training context. These strategies are then enacted or (acted out) through available technological features in the most engaging way possible for the learners" (Dabbagh & Ritland, 2005 Chapt 4, pg: 134). The information gathered during the exploration phase helps to choose the pedagogical strategies based on the theories of learning.

The exploration stage identified constructivism as the best learning theory for the design. The designer went on to look at the pedagogical strategies that best serve the constructivism design approach and the task of helping learners in remote locations collaborate with peers and lecturers to write course works of which Supportive strategies out way the rest. see figure below


 * Choice of pedagogical strategies that foster collaborative Learning **

Using the analogy of colors of traffic lights, the developer assesses the pedagogical strategies that foster constructive design tasks and shades Red (Not appropriate), Yellow (Partly appropriate) while Green (Very appropriate). In the design of formative assessment in distance education, exploratory strategies such as problem solving, hypothesis generation, exploration and role playing are not appropriate. The designer identified Dialogic strategies and collaboration to give multiple perspectives as well as reflect on their writing. The most appropriate strategies that foster collaboration in distance formative assessment is Supportive which include; coaching, modelling, explaining and scaffolding which are shaded Green in the figure above.

The pedagogical strategies informed the choice of technological tools. Basing on Bower's terms of matching technological affordances to tools, a checklist is here then used to establish the tool most appropriate for a constructive design of formative assessment in a distance literature course. see table below.

Not in place || / || x || Key: x-Inappropriate. / - appropriate. x / - applicable with difficulty After the check list
 * **Tool** || **Reliability** || **Aesthetics**
 * (Interface design)** || **Usability** || **Technical affordances** || **Access Control** || **Synthesis**
 * (Compatibility)** || **Emphasis** || **Navigation** || **Edit ability** || **Comment Ability** || **Spatial**
 * (Mobility)** ||
 * **LMS** || x || x || x || x || x || x || x || x || x
 * **Wiki** || / || /x || / || x || / || x / || / || / || / || / || / ||
 * **Forums** || x || x || / || / || / || x / || / || / || x || /x || x / ||
 * **Drop Box** || x / || x || / || x || / || x || x || / || x || x || / ||
 * **MS Word** || / || / || x / || x || x || / || x || / || / || / || x ||
 * **Blogs** || x / || x || / || x || x / || x / || x / || x || x / || / || / ||
 * **Google Docs** || / || / || / || / || / || x / || / || / || / || /x || / ||

The check list above informs the designer that the most appropriate technology tool for the design of an Online Intervention Activity is Google Docs. Thus the developer designs Google Docs [] for collaborative writing of student essays and Google Spreadsheets [] for student grading to be used by only the internal examiner and the external examiner **References ** Bower, M (2008) Afforance analysis - matching learning tasks with learning technologies, Education Media International, 45(1), 3-5.

Dabbagh,N & Bannan-Ritaland,B (2005) Chapter 4 Instructional Strategies and their role in designing authentic learning activities foe online learning. Online learning: Concepts,strategies and application.pp 200 -231. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson

Dabbagh,N & Bannan-Ritaland,B (2005) Chapter 6 Instructional Strategies and their role in designing authentic learning activities foe online learning. Online learning: Concepts,strategies and application.pp 200 -231. Upper Saddle River, New Jersey: Pearson

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